RAAOT Journal maintains a permanent commitment to ethics in publication and the protection of the rights of research participants. In line with the ethical principles established by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), all articles presenting data from human or animal patients are required to obtain informed consent from the participants or their legal representatives.

Requirements for Informed Consent

Obtaining Consent:

- Informed consent must be obtained in writing and in accordance with the ethical and legal standards of the country where the research was conducted.
- Consent must be voluntary, informed, and documented.
- In the case of minors or incapacitated persons, consent must be given by their legal representatives.

Documentation:
A copy of the informed consent document must be attached to the manuscript at the time of submission.

Exceptions
In exceptional cases, publication of data without informed consent may be considered if:

• The data are in the public domain.
• The research was conducted retrospectively and consent cannot be obtained.
• Publication is in the public interest and the benefits outweigh the risks to privacy.