Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technology.

At the time of submission, authors must declare whether they used artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technologies (such as large language models [LLM], chatbots, or image creators) in the production of the submitted work. Authors who use such technology should describe, in the cover letter and in the submitted work in the appropriate section, if applicable, how they used it. For example, if AI was used for writing assistance, describe this in the acknowledgements section. If AI was used for data collection, analysis, or figure generation, authors should describe this use in Materials and Methods. Chatbots (such as ChatGPT) should not be listed as authors because they cannot be held accountable for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work, and these responsibilities are necessary for authorship. Therefore, humans are responsible for any submitted material that includes the use of AI-assisted technologies. Authors should carefully review and edit the output because AI may produce an output that sounds authoritative but may be incorrect, incomplete, or biased. Authors should not list AI or AI-assisted technologies as an author or co-author, or cite AI as an author. Authors should be able to claim that there is no plagiarism in their paper, including in text and images produced by AI. Humans should ensure that there is proper attribution for all cited material, including full citations.

Use of AI (Artificial Intelligence)

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools for manuscript writing should be clearly disclosed in the methods section of the paper. Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy and originality of AI-generated content and should properly cite the tools used. The journal reserves the right to verify the use of AI and reject articles that do not meet ethical and originality standards (see COPE)

IA Writing Usage Policy

Allowed Use (0-10%): Description: Minimal use of AI for assistive tasks such as synonym suggestions, grammatical correction, and stylistic improvements.Action: Specific disclosure not required but encouraged.Moderate

Use (11-30%): Description: Moderate use of AI to generate specific sections of the manuscript such as the introduction or abstract.Action: Should be disclosed in the methods section with a description of the tools used and how they contributed to the work.Significant

Use (31-50%): Description: Significant use of AI for writing several sections of the manuscript.Action: Should be clearly disclosed and justified in the methods section. Authors must provide a statement of responsibility for the accuracy and originality of the generated content.

Extensive Use (51-70%): Description: Extensive use of AI contributing to the majority of the manuscript. Action: Should be clearly disclosed and justified in the methods section. Additional review by editors and reviewers to ensure integrity and originality of content.

Full Use (>70%): Description: Full use of AI for writing of the manuscript. Action: Not recommended. Articles with this level of AI use will be rejected for review.

Disclosure Example:

"ChatGPT (OpenAI)/Gemini or other [indicate which] was used to generate 25% [edit percentage] of the content in the introduction and the [interpretation, prediction, editing, etc] results section. The AI-generated content was verified for accuracy and originality by the authors."

This example was generated using AI. This structure helps maintain transparency and academic integrity while enabling the use of AI tools in research.