Diluted Povidone-Iodine Lavage in Total Hip and Knee Replacement: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Abstract
Introduction: One of the prophylactic techniques to reduce the incidence of periprosthetic infections is dilute povidone-iodine lavage, an agent with bactericidal action against different microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of periprosthetic infections within the first 90 days in patients who had undergone povidone-iodine lavage after implantation of prosthetic components and before wound closure. Materials and Methods: A comparative retrospective study was performed on patients who had undergone primary total hip or knee replacement due to advanced joint osteoarthritis between October 1999 andApril 2020. We assessed the PJI rate between two cohorts: Group A, which consisted of patients who received povido ne-iodine lavage routinely, and Group B, where this solution was not applied. Results: 643 (47.60%) knee replacements and 708 (52.40%) hip replacements were performed. When comparing the incidence of periprosthetic infections between both groups, no statistically significant differences were observed (0.92% vs. 0.21%; p = 0.11). However, the risk of infection was increased in the first 90 days after surgery (OR = 4.5; 95% CI 0.56-36.19) when the solution was not used. Conclusions: The risk of developing periprosthetic infections increased 4.5 times when performing an arthroplasty without irrigation with diluted povidone-iodine. However, this could not be shown to be statistically significant.Downloads
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