Fibrous dysplasia of the lumbar spine in a middle-aged woman. Case presentation
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Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign skeletal disorder characterized by abnormal development of fibrous tissue in a whorled pattern and containing trabeculae of immature non-lamellar bone. FD has two forms of clinical presentations: monostotic and polyostotic. Spinal involvement is seen mostly in the polyostotic form and is very unusual in the monostotic form. We present a 46-year-old woman that complained of right low back pain with a 2-month evolution. The definitive diagnosis was FD of the lumbar spine. Imaging testing revealed a lytic-cystic monostotic lesion with internal septa located in the posterior arch of the fifth lumbar vertebra, suggestive of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC). However, the anatomical pathology revealed FD as the final diagnosis. Conservative treatment was undertaken due to minimal symptoms and the absence of complications. Although monostotic FD of lumbar spine is rare, it should be taken into account among the differential diagnoses of a single osteolytic lesion. However, histopathology testing cannot rule out the coexistence of FB and ABC or a setting of FB secondary to an ABC.
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